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Hybrid Tips Optimizing mileage
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Comments
You owe it to mankind and good ole Mother earth to share your secrets so we can evolve to a higher mileage beings (-;
oh wait. Does it mean he will be trading his beloved sleek Insight for a Fat Prius?
Especially the cars.com:
"As a consequence, your car will bounce around on the road. And when your tires are bouncing instead of firmly planted on the road, traction suffers and so do your stopping distances."
Bouncing tires!
Did they just make that up?
This is a prime example why I try to avoid posting tips on this site.
What makes you think a half filled gas tank would be slower burning? I assume you mean in a rupture?
Many years ago a friend of mine had an old matress wrapped around his rear axle and in flames. He had just filled his fuel tank.
FD came and put it out and said if it were half or quarter full it may have exloded from the fumes that would fill the rest of the tank.
Hmm
Perhaps on gravelly or very rough roads there is a slight penalty, but certainly not from bouncing tires, and nobody is going to go 65 mph on such roads in any case. I am thinking 20 mph tops. :-)
The PSI tradeoff is simply stiffer ride, slightly less traction, slightly more mpg, and the tires will tend to wear in the center first (rather than around the edges for underinflated tires). I ran my tires at 38-40 PSI for years on my old car and did not have a significant problem with uneven treadwear because front wheel drive cars tend to wear the front tires around the edges anyway so if anything I got more even treadwear from higher PSI and a decent rotation schedule.
The other tip I thought was good however.
I think he meant that a less filled tank would lighten the car by about a hundred pounds (if you kept it below a quarter of a tank) which would result in slightly higher gas mileage.
Don't fret too much misterme, many of us out here appreciate the hints and tricks you have posted (I know I do). It is cool to watch someone get such high lifetime mileage. I know I will never do that, but I am getting the benefit of learning how to do my commutes at very high mileage which was what I bought my car for in the first place.
me: I suggest 1/2 a tank, which on a Prius is 42Lb which is about 1.5% of the weight. Do you know how hard engineers work to find 42 Lb of weight reduction? In vehicles with larger tanks this is even more of a factor.
This is not just applicable to hybrids, but to any vehicle. Lighten it and you'll get better mpg. I've also gotten rid of my jack (9 Lb) - I call roadside service; and don't top off the windshield washer fluid - that is about 8.5 Lb/gal. If you don't use the backseat, get rid of the rear floormats. I guess you could pull the whole rear-seat out, if it wasn't designed to be too difficult.
You should really walk around your vehicle and think like you were preparing your car to be in a race, where weight is the enemy of speed and economy. How can you lighten your car? What aren't you using regularly?
You: Obsessive
Me: Sensible
Us: Cooky
Me: Have to go
To save more weight, how about a bunch of helium-filled balloons in the passenger compartment. Or, only carrying paper money. The coins may be too heavy. Don't forget to keep your hair trimmed closely. Never wear long pants or long-sleeved shirts either. Drive bearfoot.
All guaranteed to get those mpg's up.
I think it's safer than some of the dangerous ideas here such as max. tire pressures and driving in manners that aren't with the normal ebb and flow of traffic; thus possibly causing accidents and road-rage.
Here we can agree, and glad I don't resort to such measures.
Tonight I'll fill my tank again but not before passing +960 miles on about 13 gallons of gas.
Not bad.
I attribute this to a properly set up vehicle and refined driving skills.
Thanks. I just checked my earlier post and realized another fuel-saving trick. I mistakenly wrote Drive bearfoot. That of course would be carrying much more weight in the vehicle than necessary. I should have recommended diving barefoot.
Very well planned trip on your part. Keep optimizing that mileage.
From my understanding of how hybrids work, one of the main ways they get better fuel economy is by having smaller engines, and by running those engines more efficiently.
However, whenever energy is converted from one form to another, I would assume that the conversion is not 100% efficient. If the gas engine was running at a similar efficiency when powering the car as when it charges the battery, wouldn't you get better mileage when the gas engine only is powering the car?
I would think that when travelling at a constant speed, and with the CVT allowing the gas engine to operate at peak efficiency, you would get better mileage when using gas only. The electric motor helps mileage by providing extra power / acceleration when necessary while allowing the gas engine to operate at peak efficiency, and also by storing the kinetic energy from braking / coasting.
I admit that I am not very knowledgeable about hybrids, so I was wondering if any of the experts could provide me more insight.
You make an interesting point, because if the electric motor were that much more efficient, Toyota would have made an electric car and only used the ICE to charge the batteries. The Prius computer is designed to make the most MPG of any situation, and it would appear that many people get good results from making that battery charge go further before the ICE kicks in.
Also, remember that the Prius uses regenerative braking - it stores energy into the battery when you slow down. So the battery is also charged by means other than the ICE. You cannot "create" energy, of course; eventually, something has to charge the batteries (namely the ICE).
Just 35 mpg? That was just in the winter months
Good Luck
Wayne R. Gerdes
Just 35 mpg? That was just in the winter months"
And I thought my 1991 Ranger at 23 MPG @ 75 MPH was good. Of course that was a 4.0 liter, with the limited slip rear end that robbed a bit of the final gear ratio... sure could move coming off the line, though.
It works thus far only on city streets, have not been on the highway at faster speeds yet. And I have only tested it on a manual tranny Civic Hybrid, with the A/C off, so I have no claims that it works effectively on other Honda or Toyota or Ford hybrid vehicles.
The method really has two parts:
1. Accelerating SLOWER after stops, and thus taking only slightly longer to reach cruising speed.
2. Once you achieve the speed you want to travel, or even 5 MPH faster than the speed you want, release pressure on the gas pedal slightly, but still keep it ALMOST in the same area. What you are trying to get to is actually SLOWING DOWN but at a VERY VERY miniscule rate of deceleration. This allows the car to get into "lean burn" mode and you will see the realtime mpg meter jump up into the 80-100 MPG range almost immediately. Continue with the very very very slight deceleration, just a slight touch on the pedal, and the realtime MPG meter will stay up in that 60-100 MPG area. You will eventually (over a few blocks or a mile or two) slow down 5-10 MPH, but this whole time, you will be achieving at least 60 MPG. Once you feel like you have slowed as much as traffic will safely allow you to, either downshift to 4th gear and accelerate casually back up to the speed you started with, your preferred cruising speed. Or, if traffic allows it, accelerate a little slower while in 5th gear to get back to the desired cruising speed. Once there, repeat the process.
The very very slow deceleration in conjunction with the slower acceleration up to cruising speed will allow you to achieve max MPG and will drive your numbers up.
On my current tank, I was at 48.4 MPG and 360 miles on Trip A. I cleared Trip A and now, after two days of using this method, I am at 61.3 MPG after 47 miles.
I am completely sold on this method, and I hope and expect to maintain tanks in the 55 MPG range from this point on, if I can stay off the freeways !!!
Wayne/other hyper-milers - can you weigh in on this/similar techniques for non-hybrids as well, please.
Also can you please comment on coasting in neutral in a manual tranny car.
By this I mean build up speed, and shift to neutral and coast until speed drops to a certain level, shift back into gear and accelerate... and so on.
By this I mean build up speed, and shift to neutral and coast until speed drops to a certain level, shift back into gear and accelerate... and so on.
Outside of the fact that it is illegal to do this in most if not all states, it would work. The legal issue is that you do not have instant control of the car's acceleration if you're in neutral; in the Prius (the only hybrid with which I'm familiar) the "pulse and glide" technique corresponds to the method described by larsb, except that in the Prius the ICE is effectively "disconnected" from the drive train. It consumes no gas, and the motor-generators supply no recharge to the battery (thus causing no drag to the motion of the car). Yet, if you step on the gas, you have instant power to the wheels - no shift out of "neutral" is required.
jprice SoCal '05 Silver, #1, 7800 miles, [non-permissible content removed]. mileage 47.5MPG
me: Thank you; I hope it wasn't already brought up.
--Everything old is new again....see post #27 in this forum.
--It'd be nice if the hosts could suck off all the actual tips from this forum and put them in a read only file. The few tips presented get lost in all the chatter.
My car is not a new car. It's 13 years old, but fuel-injected of course.
It is not just coasting in neutral vs. in gear because in gear will have the engine breaking effect. You have to consider distances covered on a given amount of fuel. Coasting ICE off vs. on is what really pushes FE up. Remember that the average car does not have is an instantaneous. Those that do, you can see everything. Some hybrid’s can and do this natively in certain speed ranges which is the best of both worlds
If you would like for your local ASE certified radio show host to tell my how to improve my own FE, I would be glad to hear it. I can guarantee you he doesn’t know how to do this exact task or many of us would have heard about him already.
Good Luck
Wayne R. Gerdes
Glad you are back.
If coasting ICE off is not an option (non-hybrid), do you think there is anything to be gained by coasting in neutral, as opposed to coasting in gear (obviously you can't coast much due to engine braking).
FYI the car in question is a 5-speed manual.
An average of 63.7 mph with ~ 4 miles of 20 and 30 mph speed zones, 5 stop signs, and 1 Security gate isn’t 75 - 80 mph but I think you get the point
I would suggest that your mom slow down a tad but that is just me
All kidding aside, this was a personal best and I have only achieved a 59 mpg segment high since then
Good Luck
Wayne R. Gerdes
1. Coast with foot off the gas.
Regen comes on, slowing down the car along with dragging the spinning engine.
The least efficient option of all of these because you rapidly slow down..
2. Coast with just enough gas added to stop the Regen and overcome the rotational engine drag. The next least efficient option because you're adding gas to overcome the issues.
3. Coast in N. No Regen, No engine rotational drag. A more efficient option.
4. FAS. The most efficient way to travel. Can be dangerous if mis-used. Not for everyone.
.
This info comes directly from the fuel consumption display, trip and tank averages.
Not from a ASE certified former mechanic who works for AAA or has a local radio show.
.
Pardon my ignorance, but what's FAS.
FAS:
Forced Auto Stop: Reboot
Wow! I shouldn't have mentioned that here on this website for all the trolls.
For example
Last spring I mentioned my benign use of rolling in N in the middle of the night at 3:00AM, on a deserted familiar rural country road traveled 365 days a year, with a gentle downhill grade where my speed doesn't exceed 35MPH and rolling for 1-2 miles.....just free rolling
Trolls jumped all over and even an Edmunds moderator compared and equated it to one of his own experiences where he rode his brakes down an unfamiliar mountain pass all the way to the bottom where he didn't know a traffic light was there....and because he over heated his brakes he "careened" uncontrollably through the red intersection with useless brakes and finished his comment with:
"But hey, it's your neck not mine"
So much more with Forced Auto Stop.
JOHN
The procedure is while driving in the right conditions and on a level or slight decline is turning the key back one click to shut the engine off then immediately clicking forward one again to "reboot" the electronics (ABS, EBD, etc). This allows you to travel for potentially long distances fuel-free. In the case of the hybrid automobile, there is no battery usage therefore no fuel-robing "Payback" for recharging the battery.
The power steering in a HCH or AHA is electric, so you have full power steering.
While the brakes remain functional, you have the assisted portion as long as the vaccume reserve remains.
Rolling in N has brought some very heated debates here regarding safety, so much more for FAS and I really regret mentioning it in my earlier post.
While it remains one of many "Tools in the box" for hypermilers there is no doubt a large and real safety issue if used improperly under poor judgment and I don't want to start another big Edmunds argument so I'll just say don't do it.
I can't understand why people rag on you for suggesting FAS. If people don't understand the consequences it's not your fault.
Me personally, I wouldn't try it under any circumstance since I'll lose PS and PB quickly, and no FE improvement is worth that to me.
But that's my decision and I'll hold you in no way responsible if I do try it and get into trouble.
I'm breaking my personal rule today of not posting tips on the combative Edmunds boards.
While this incomplete list seems pretty much common sense to many...and contains few hybrid-specific references don't just disregard them....that is if you desire better fuel savings. None of these are exotic, extreme hypermiler examples but can gain you 50% fuel savings or more, depending on your current habits.
Don't fool yourself into thinking you're doing all you can to save fuel. I'm not despite my own measures that net 65-69MPG +900mile tanks. We can always find somewhere to improve.
Create a "Work" Space
Leave plenty of room to the vehicle in front of you. If the traffic ahead slows, you will have a buffer to maintain momentum and conserve energy, allowing you to plan ahead. I use a buffer of 500-1,000 feet or more. As an added bonus, the vehicle in front of you won't be spraying gravel on your car.
Alternative Routes
Try different routs for common trips. I could use the freeway for 99% of my daily commute. I have learned instead to take about half of my commute using a parallel highway. I travel an extra mile but this way I avoid freeway speeds and traffic while gaining more than 10 MPG.
It's also helpful to memorize common routes.
If your vehicle is not equipped with a good, accurate real-time MPG meter it will help to keep a log between fills to determine which way saves you more.
Be familiar with your route- know where a little gas is required and where you can coast.
Driving speed
Wind resistance roughly doubles between 55 MPH and 70 MPH.
As a rule of thumb, consider driving the speed limit or lower while in the Right lane and save alot.
Quality of Gasoline
I haven't noticed any performance changes from the most expensive gas to the cheapest. Use regular-unleaded if your car manufacturer suggests it.
Air Conditioning & Windshield Defroster
The A/C system decreases your mileage, especially in smaller cars.
If you desire savings, wait to activate the A/C button until rolling down a hill or decelerating. Otherwise keep it off.
This way the momentum of the car runs more of the A/C instead of the fuel.
Lastly, be sure the Air conditioning or defroster is off while climbing a hill.
Windshield Defroster
The A/C compressor is automatically turned on when the heater is set to defrost and the fan is set to ON. This way the moisture that has condensed on the windows will evaporate faster.
Normally, you don’t need to just keep your defroster running because it wastes fuel.
If you set the knob to defrost but keep the fan set to OFF the AC compressor will not run.
With this setting, there will be a steady flow of air over the window to help keep it clear. If they begin to fog up you can briefly switch the fan to a middle-high setting until they clear, then switch the fan back to OFF.
Tire pressure
Low tire pressure will rob you of your MPG. Every car has a door sticker in the driver side door jam, and these pressures should be considered MINIMUM.
Higher pressures will give you greater savings, but at the expense of a harder ride.
Every tire has a maximum cold pressure rating imprinted on the side of the tire.
You can go as high as that rating while the tire is cold (Not driven for an hour) but
do not exceed that maximum rating. Check them weekly.
Beginning from a Stop
This is where you kill your mileage numbers.
Accelerate as gradually as practical, gradually backing off the accelerator as you increase speed. Accelerate slower if there is no traffic behind you.
Hybrid owners use as little battery or Asssit as possible. My HCH accellerates just fine after 25-30MPH in the 40-60MPG range on a level road.
Climbing a Hill
Bigger hills are the second main MPG killer.
If this is a familiar route, perhaps you can find a different road going around the hill. Pick a route that doesn’t add significant distance to your trip.
Learn to drive with the load.
That is, don’t maintain speed climbing hills.
If you know a hill is ahead, gradually increase your speed on your approach.
Try to guess the time it will take to reach the top. Also decide the minimum speed required at the top.
As you climb the hill, gradually slow down and attempt to time it so the minimum speed is reached near the top. If the traffic is extremely light with nobody behind, then you can let your speed really sag.
If you reach the top of a tall hill and find a short flat area that leads to another big hill you are at a disadvantage because of your minimum speed. Accelerate as gradually as you can on the flat area and time the next crest as you did for the first hill.
That technique can be applied from the smallest to the longest, steepest hills.
HCH owners- The vast majority of steeper hills can be made with bare minimum IMA Assist locked in @ 40MPG. For extra fuel savings try it first with no Assist @40MPG (or more).
Rolling Down a Hill
Always plan ahead.
If you know the decline is immediately followed by a steep uphill begin your decent coasting (Foot off the gas or switched to N if you choose) then as you near the bottom add enough acceleration to gain momentum for the onslaught of the incoming hill. If the hill flows down to a long, flat road at the bottom then keep your built momentum.
Traffic
Don't drive only by how it "feels". If it seems like you are slowing down don't just blindly push the accelerator down. That it is usually a difficult habit to break. Only use enough fuel for the task required. Don’t just “Gas it”, no matter how much or how little. Have a reason.
Listen to traffic reports on the radio. If you hear of a backup go around if possible.
Miscellaneous Tips
*If waiting in a line (fast food, etc.) set your parking brake and put the shifter into neutral. Turn the key one click to turn the engine off (provided that you do not need A/C, defroster, etc.).
If you need the fan, radio, etc then click once to on again but do not restart the engine until the line you are waiting in has moved at least a cars length. Don’t just let it idle while stopped.
However, the stopping-restarting, stopping-restarting again is not recommended while in traffic due to starter wear on non-hybrid vehicles.
*If waiting at a light and the car ahead of you "creeps" ahead a few feet, do not follow. Stay where you are.
*If your route uses a toll booth, get a cruising pass. That way you don't have to stop and fight traffic.
*Keep your car's momentum, even around corners if it can be done safely.
*Try to time traffic lights so you can cross without stopping. Approach the red light more slowly to be more successful in timing.
*When you get into the car and start it, don't waste time. Don't just stay parked to let it warm up. Buckle up, get in gear and get going.
(Cont)
*Some people are putting Mobil 1 Trisync oil into their cars and gaining MPG.
*Keep the oil level on the full mark, not above or below. Keep it changed.
*Keep the alignment maintained. Have a clean air filter.
*Keep in mind that on a flat, level road a vehicle gets its best MPG while just maintaining a constant speed between 40-50MPH.
*For a quick boost in MPG while coasting, you can back off the accelerator and put the transmission into neutral and let the engine idle. The longer distance you roll while in N the more dramatic your savings will be. This is a good time to switch on the A/C if you are working the button to conserve fuel.
Especially good judgment must be used in this case. You can crash so extreme caution must me made.
Maximum speed while in N should remain slow, and on familiar roads where it can be done safely.
(Not mountain passes while traveling on your family vacation)
Note: Be sure to raise the engine's RPM by stepping on the gas a little to about 1.5-2K RPM before re-engaging the transmission. That is called "Rev-Matching" and will prevent transmission strain.
If your shifter is located on the steering column (Not in a console) I'd avoid this procedure. Column shifters can be difficult to move accurately quickly.
* HCH owners be sure to get into lean burn when ever possible. If you're riding on level ground or on a decline in the 40-48MPG range for heavens sake back off ever so slightly until it spikes in the 80MPG range (Or more) hold it there as long as possible. If you're in a place with few stops then miles upon miles can be maintained in lean burn.
Final important notes:
You can implement these tips a little and see minimum if any result.
Or, you can work them to the extreme maximum and see amazing results.
Remember you MUST be consistent.
For example;
You can drive carefully using these tips for great results, but then one day you're late and drive hard get there fast.
Or, You're mad at another driver(s) and gas hard to pass.
You can blow a whole weeks hard earned MPG in just one trip....just like some blow their whole savings overnight in Vegas.
Another benefit of consistency is creating the routine of good habits....along with consistant fuel savings.
I hope that helps.
-Steve (Hot Georgia)
Thanks a lot.
I just have one question.
Maximum speed while in N should remain slow, and on familiar roads where it can be done safely.
Why is this ? What's wrong with coasting at 60-65 mph with the tranny in N in a 5-sp manual.
I put my slow, familiar road comment in an attempt to head off confrontation, as I didn't want to distract from the message of the post.
FAS is also missing for that reason.
I personally coast in N under those conditions which it can be done safely, but be sure to rev-match upon re-engagement.
(Not uncontrollably careening down a mountain pass on a family vacation)
RE: Accelerating from a stop. One has to consider the individual car. My 2003 CR-V gets better MPG if I accelerate moderately but not "jackrabbit" style. I found that doing really slow acclelerations actually caused the car to stay at higher RPMs for longer periods, resulting in lower MPG. It all depends on the engine CPU and how it is programmed.
"Our Grand Caravan went from 16-17MPG to 21-26 as a direct result of what we learned in our hybrid car- another major benefit of our purchase. (Lessons learned lasts a lifetime) "
You know, Misterme, these numbers are a little bit on the Ripley's side aren't they? I mean, you say you get 65-68 mpg in a car that the EPA etimates at 47. That's almost 50% better than estimates. How can u explain that? Then u say you get 26 in a grand caravan, up from 17 because of lessons learned in the hybrid. What possible lessons could you have learned that increas the mileage of a minivan by more than 50%??? What, shut off the engine going downhill? Lasso a car in front going up? C'mon man, your stories leave a little bit to be desired in terms of believeability.
If u really do achieve these numbers, I want to go into business with you - a driver's school which teaches people how to save 50% on their gas costs.
Some pictures-
931 Miles and shows 66MPG at fillup but calculated to just over 68:
http://home.alltel.net/stevedez_00/gas.jpg
(Personal record is 941 miles/69.2 calculated)
A nice trip to work:
http://home.alltel.net/stevedez_00/gas2.jpg
A particularly nice one back home:
http://home.alltel.net/stevedez_00/gas3.jpg
I have alot of these photos.
The engine stays running in the GC for safety and starter wear, but if you wonder how, contrast the implement of some of these tips against an aggressive style:
misterme, "Hybrid Tips: Optimizing mileage" #323, 30 Sep 2005 2:03 pm
Nothing there is revolutionary, just alot of common sense.
But just reading them does nothing. They must be implemented to be effective.
Driving school- If you're serious let me know. Others may be interested as well.
In my case, taken to the extreme increases time by about 10 minutes each way, or about 20 minutes a day. It's not just about going slower, although it plays a part, but how one handles the endless choices given on every drive.
"I despise people that practise some of those techniques in rush hour traffic"
Interesting twist. Nobody said all of those techniques are appropriate for rush hour traffic.
If nobody is impeding traffic or bothering anyone else why do you have a problem if someone saves fuel dollars?