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Permanent Rust Removal?
Well, if it's permanent rust, then it's staying. Why? Because it's permanent.
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But as soon as the rust has penetrated the metal, your body shop is quite correct--the only permanent cure is to cut out the metal that is rusted.
Rust Never Sleeps as they say.
Of course the body shop that did the work could be copping out, too. If there was only a light surface rust, a chemical treatment, sanding and primer should have taken care of it.
It rather depends on what you mean by "surface"--what I mean by that is no penetration, flaking or pitting of the metal surface, just almost a "dusty" coating. Once "in" the metal, the rust will return.
http://www.por15.com/index.html
3M does make nice linkable pages on their web site. check out rust avenger at (you will have to fix this oversized link in the usual fashion...)
http://products.mmm.com/us/auto_marine_aero -
/products/aad.jhtml? - powurl=DVQHTHVCKFbeGSLPLPKL4XgeGST1T4S9TCgvRMT00NZ63Rgl
http://www.eastwoodcompany.com
some old-timers working on their model Ts who get down to pure iron and have pinholes get out the gas set and braze fence wire into the perforations so they have mild steel with no mess all the way. it should go without saying, but it won't, that you have nothing but metal here, the seats and weatherstrip and tires are all on the other side of the garage. this is stripping the husk a little further than somebody who wants to get a couple of rusting mall dings out of the Camry before Monday is going to do.
I have also used cold galvanizing spray inside the fenders, etc. where it is hard to get a solid and tight coating on bare metal, works nicely until it is etched away, which is what all "zincs" are supposed to do, be it in ocean-going boats or rust-resistant body panels. again, that's only gonna work on pure clean bare metal, because it has to be a chemical bond.
http://www.eastwoodcompany.com
a welder would not do me much good in an apartment garage without power, but then again one spark could burn down the housing for a hundred cars, so I remain arc-deficient.
I DO know what to do with a cutting torch, though
Many auto body panels are sandwiches or have pressed seams, so the rust is completely hidden from view but in there nonetheless.
Also sand blasting can often peen over the rust.
Chemical dipping has its own set of problems, as the chemical cannot always be extracted from every nook and cranny, and will itself seep out over time and run your paintwork. Been there, done that!
I like the approach they use in the UK, where they are so much more facile with rust repair, and treat rust with a familiarity and contempt unknown in the US. They just torch the car to pieces and get rid of all the bad panels. You have a hole in the rocker? ZAP, that's outta there! None of this patchwork for the Brits!
Of course, one would hope they have the car jigged in some fashion so it's straight after all the structural cutting they've done!
But you know, "surface" rust, I think that can be knocked out chemically. But extensive perforation, uh-uh, I don't think so.
the oxidation of iron, or the reduction of the hydrogen in water by iron, as the chemists would have it, causes lots of flakes and gaps in which more water gets underneath. anything that stops that process and seals the surface is good, even better if it stays put for a while.
even stainless steel rusts. corr-ten (tm) is designed and expected to rust, and it happens fast. but after corr-ten rusts, it doesn't raise up and flake off like other alloys. and it holds paint well afterwards. so that makes a dandy surface for water towers and bridge beams and the like, and US Steel has made some good money on the alloy.
unfortunately, drivers don't have big slabs of steel in their fenders, and they don't like to have a thick layer of rust on their cars before they have them painted, so it won't help us a bit.
galvanizing puts the judgement day off, as the zinc sacrifices itself first once something gets past the paint layer.